b'Domain KSA Expected Standards AssessmentCARDIAC ANAESTHESIA CONTINUED.Understands and explains the principles of cardiopulmonary bypassincluding the use of cardioplegia Describes maintenance of anaesthesia on bypassOutlines the implications of aortic disease for aortic cannulationDescribes the haematological and inflammatory effects of bypassDescribes reperfusion injury and ischaemic preconditioningCT_M_11 4,6,8 S Describes methods to cool and rewarm patients during cardiac surgery,FCAIand the complications of thermoregulationDescribes the physiology of hypothermia and deep hypothermiccardiac arrestDescribes a strategy to manage the patient who is difficult to wean from bypassDescribes anaesthetic and surgical problems associated with off-pump cardiac surgeryDescribes the indications for invasive and non-invasive cardiacCT_M_12 8 S monitoring, and interpret common findings FCAIExplains means to estimate cardiac outputDescribes pulmonary artery catheter principles and interprets dataCT_M_13 6 K Lists indications for applying external defibrillator pads prior to surgery CBDDescribes the use of internal defibrillator padsExplains the need and method for altering blood coagulability during cardiac surgeryCT_M_14 4,8 K Including anticoagulation and point of care testing, use of FCAIantifibrinolytics and management of protamine reactionDescribes an approach to a patient with HITTS (heparin inducedthrombotic thrombocytopaenia syndrome)Describes the indications for cardiac pacing, and list the options availableIncluding transvenous, external, epicardial pacingCT_M_15 8 K Outline the principles of programming cardiac pacemakers FCAIOutlines pacing modes and terminology and abbreviations commonly usedCT_M_16 4,6 K Describes the principles of the intra-aortic balloon pump and other FCAIassist devicesDiscusses the use of echocardiography in cardiac anaesthesiaOutlines basic haemodynamic assessment using TOE/TTECT_M_17 8 K (transesophageal echocardiogram / trans thoracic echocardiogram) CBDDiscusses the role of echocardiography in the haemodynamicallyunstable patientTHORACIC SURGERYDemonstrates the appropriate clinical and management skillsCT_M_18 7,8 S of general anaesthesiologist in providing anaesthesia forMini-CEXlobectomy/pneumonectomyCT_M_19 7,8 S Discusses clinical and management skills of general anaesthesiologist CBDin providing anaesthesia for cardiothoracic traumaCT_M_20 4,8 K Describes commonly performed thoracic procedures and relevant FCAIanaesthetic problemsDescribes common methods of local and general anaesthesia forCT_M_21 4,8 K bronchoscopy FCAIInclude techniques of ventilationCurriculum for the National Specialist Anaesthesiology Training Programme 85'